SAO PAULO — Brazil’s President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva came into office in 2023 pledging to tackle deforestation in the Amazon. …But a new study indicates that deforestation alone accounts for an only fraction of climate damage involving the Amazon. Logging, forest burning and other forms of human-caused degradation, along with natural disturbances to the Amazon ecosystem, are releasing more climate-warming carbon dioxide than clear-cut deforestation, the study published on Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study, which used data obtained from airborne laser scanning of the Amazon region for a more precise accounting of the changes in the rainforest than satellite imagery provides, found that human-caused degradation and natural disturbances accounted for 83% of the carbon emissions, with 17% loss from deforestation. The research underscores the damage being done to the forest by fires after a drought that has made the region a tinderbox.