CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts — Planetary Emissions Management announced the publication of a study describing established universal scientific methods for forest carbon accounting, endorsing direct measurement of CO2 over estimation protocols for forest carbon credits. …”The upshot of the study is that it calls into question the validity of estimation-based commercial forest carbon credits worldwide, absent a full carbon accounting that can be verified by direct CO2 measurement—anything less accelerates deforestation and devalues forest ecosystems, biodiversity and Indigenous People,” said Bruno D.V. Marino, lead author of the study. …The problem is that existing protocols cannot fully account for net forest carbon, a metric of benefit to the atmosphere that balances carbon uptake by photosynthesis and carbon release by respiration.