The Canadian Wood Fibre Centre has published an FI-X information report by Nelson Thiffault on vegetation management and the alternatives to herbicide. The report is adapted from a brief that was delivered in May, 2021 to the Standing Committee on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship, an all-party committee of the New Brunswick Legislature. It was drafted in response to an invitation for proposals on the use of pesticides and herbicides (including glyphosate) in the province. The purpose of the report is to present, in clear and concise language, the context for forest vegetation management and some of its associated scientific concepts. First, we outline and clarify the function of forest vegetation management in silviculture and forest management. We then present the primary documented and available methods of forest vegetation management, with a particular focus on the alternatives to chemical herbicides. Lastly, we highlight various issues, new opportunities and perspectives emerging from the latest ecological research.