Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is a key silviculture species in Japan, making up approximately 44 percent of the country’s plantation area. Given such prominence, Hiraoka et al. write that “in order to adapt to future environments, tree improvement programs will need to consider rising O3 and CO2 concentrations, as well as other changes in climate” that may occur. Therefore, as their contribution to this effort, the team of seven Japanese researchers investigated the individual and combined impacts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) on the growth of Japanese cedar. …Results of their analysis revealed that C. japonica had a low sensitivity to the negative (growth-retarding) effects of O3. …trees growing in the elevated O3 environment had higher plant dry mass than their ambient counterparts, though the difference were not statistically significant.