Daily News for June 20, 2022

Today’s Takeaway

CN Rail maintains operations as workers go on strike

The Tree Frog Forestry News
June 20, 2022
Category: Today's Takeaway

CN Rail maintains operations after negotiations fail with their signal and communications workers. In other Business news: the UK concrete lobby lays into the world of wood, mass timber leads a renaissance in construction; and a US coalition seeks an injunction against Brazilian plywood. Meanwhile: the US Conference Board’s economic index fell in May, lumber markets slowed; and US packaging shipments are up 1%.

In Forestry/Climate news: Ottawa directs the RCMP to curb its protest intervention tools; a judge declines to block a redwood logging project; and ENGOs take aim at Swedish forestry. On the wildfire front: the US and BC are upping their funding; forest management helped out Oregon; a New Jersey wildfire hits 2000 acres; and Spain struggles amid record heatwave.

Finally, using gamma rays to determine the structural integrity of a standing tree.

Kelly McCloskey, Tree Frog Editor

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Business & Politics

CN Rail signal and communications workers go on strike across Canada

The Canadian Press in CBC News
June 20, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada

The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), which represents about 750 Canadian National Railway Co. employees, says signal and communication workers have walked off the job across the country. IBEW’s Steve Martin confirmed in a text that workers were legally on strike as of 11 a.m. local time on Saturday. The IBEW gave a 72-hour strike notice Wednesday morning. …CN spokesman Jonathan Abecassis says the company has implemented an “operational contingency plan,” noting that operations are continuing “safely and at normal levels.” The Montreal-based company says it continues to encourage the union to resolve sticking points on wages and benefits through binding arbitration.

Additional Coverage:

BNN: CN Rail workers strike after failed negotiations

Financial Post: CN Maintains Normal Rail Operations Across Canada

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Coalition files motion for preliminary injunction against new Brazilian plywood certifier

Business Wire
June 16, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: International

FORT LAUDERDALE, Florida — In May, a federal court approved a permanent injunction in barring longtime Brazilian plywood certifier PFS-TECO from any further operations. A new plywood certifier named Forestwood Industries has replaced PFS-TECO and threatens to circumvent the permanent injunction and allow the importation and sale of substandard, unsafe plywood from Brazil. This week, the U.S. Structural Plywood Integrity Coalition filed a motion for preliminary injunction against Forestwood Industries to stop it from continuing PFS-TECO’s illegal practices. …The Coalition’s motion asks the same Florida court… to require A2LA to revoke its accreditation of Forestwood as a plywood certifier in Brazil. Plaintiffs argue that Forestwood does not have the necessary qualifications to certify Brazilian plywood to the PS 1 structural standard. The defendants have until June 28 to respond to the motion.

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Finance & Economics

US packaging papers & specialty packaging shipments up 1% in May

By Tim Ebner
The American Forest & Paper Association
June 16, 2022
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: United States

WASHINGTON – The American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA) released its May 2022 Packaging Papers & Specialty Packaging Monthly report. Total packaging papers & specialty packaging shipments in May increased 1 percent compared to May 2021. They were up 1 percent when compared to the same 5 months of 2021. The operating rate was 88 percent, essentially flat (+0.2 pts.) from May 2021 and up 1.1 points year-to-date. Mill inventories at the end of May decreased 2,000 short tons from the previous month and were down 8,000 short tons compared to May 2021.

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US Conference Board Leading Economic Index Fell Again in May

The Conference Board
June 17, 2022
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: United States

The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® (LEI)for theU.S. decreased by 0.4 percent in May 2022 to 118.3, following a 0.4 percent decline in April 2022. The LEI is now down 0.4 percent over the six-month period from November 2021 to May 2022. “The US LEI fell again in May, fueled by tumbling stock prices, a slowdown in housing construction, and gloomier consumer expectations,” said Ataman Ozyildirim, Senior Director of Economic Research at The Conference Board. “The index is still near a historic high, but the US LEI suggests weaker economic activity is likely in the near term—and tighter monetary policy is poised to dampen economic growth even further.”

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Global forest market update

By Håkan Ekström
Forests2Market Blog
June 20, 2022
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: International
  • Global Timber Markets – Global sawlog price changes were mixed in 1Q/22 with quarter-over-quarter (QoQ) increases in North America and Eastern Europe, while prices declined in Central and Northern Europe. 
  • Global Wood Fiber Markets – Wood fiber costs for pulp manufacturing were up worldwide in 1Q/22. The global wood fiber price indices (SFPI and HFPI), increased about 10% from 1Q/21. 
  • Global Pulp Markets – Imbalances between supply and demand for market pulp have pushed pulp prices to record highs this spring. 
  • Global Lumber Markets  – Global trade of softwood lumber slowed in early 2022, in particular to China, the US, and Germany, where import volumes were down in the range of 6-20% from the same period in 2021. 
  • Global Biomass Markets – Global trade of wood pellets rose for the tenth consecutive year in 2021, reaching a record-high of 29 million tons.  

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Wood, Paper & Green Building

Wood You Believe: Mass Timber Leading a Renaissance in Modern Construction

WSP Global Inc.
June 17, 2022
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: Canada, United States

WSP is advancing the use of low-carbon engineered wood products for tall building construction, which provides structural strength and durability beyond traditional lumber. Driven by demand for low-carbon buildings and enabled by advances in the manufacturing of engineered wood products, mass timber buildings are rapidly growing larger in size and capturing greater shares of construction markets in Europe, North America and elsewhere. In a response to this trend, building codes … now allow up to 18 stories, or 270 feet. Today, WSP staff in the U.S. and around the globe … are engaging with building developers, other firms in the building trades, industry groups and building officials to spread knowledge and advance best practices for mass timber construction. …Mass timber includes long-established product types, such as oriented strandboard, I-joists and glue-laminated beams and columns. While these product types continue to evolve, the most innovative and game changing mass-timber products are cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels.

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Mass timber affordable housing build could set a new tone

Grant Cameron
The Daily Commercial News
June 20, 2022
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: Canada, Canada East

TORONTO — 100-unit mass timber affordable housing development – the first of its kind in Toronto – is being planned as a pilot on a parking lot along Dundas Street. The project is expected to get underway in 2024 and could become the model for future mass timber housing developments. The goal is to see if it can be replicated on other city-owned sites in Toronto. …Daniel Woolfson, manager of development at CreateTO… “This is another opportunity to create a sort of prefabricated off-site construction process.” …Although the project is in the early stages, the plan is to build an eight-to-10-storey affordable rental housing development using mass timber and prefabricated forms. …Mass timber is being used for the build because there was clear direction from the city under the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy. …also allowing the city to rapidly scale up the supply of affordable housing.

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Concrete lobby lays into cross laminated timber

The Construction Index
June 20, 2022
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: International

The concrete lobby has launched a war of words against the world of wood, with an attempted put-down of cross laminated timber. A report from the British Association of Reinforcement (BAR) says that cross laminated timber CLT is ‘a  chemical cocktail’ that is not just flammable but also environmentally damaging. The report, titled Is Cross Laminated Timber a potential Trojan Horse?, suggests that specifiers should take a closer look at the claimed benefits of CLT. Timber Development UK chief executive David Hopkins dismissed the report as “a desperate attempt to smear a sustainable construction material by those sectors which have a less than positive tale to tell about their environmental impact”. The BAR report says that consideration should be given to the CO2 emissions resulting from timber harvesting, the energy used for the industrial fabrication and the CO2 impact of transportation around the world.

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Forestry

Save Old Growth protesters are only disrupting lives and pissing people off

BC Local News
By Paul Henderson
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

We’ve seen a lot of protests in recent months and years in Canada, some more disruptive than others. From Black Lives Matter and Idle No More to the more recent anti-vaxxer protests on highway overpasses, not to mention the anti-vaccine mandate protests in Ottawa inaccurately labelled “trucker” protests, we’ve seen it all. But does protest work? Sociologists and political economists have studied the subject for years, and often protest does work. But sometimes, when protestors go too far… protest only turns the general public against the cause. …Recently we’ve seen motorists greatly inconvenienced by the Save Old Growth group who are protesting the logging of old growth trees amid a climate crisis. Great cause, yes, but the behaviour by this group, gluing themselves to highways, stopping drivers and vandalizing buildings in Vancouver, is not helping their cause.

 

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FESBC launches wildfire prevention funding program

Forest Enhancement Society of BC
June 20, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

With $25 million in new funding from the provincial government, the Forest Enhancement Society of BC (FESBC) is launching its 2022-2023 Funding Program today. FESBC is accepting applications to fund projects that will assist the Province of British Columbia in reducing wildfire risk and increasing community resiliency to wildfire. …communities start by creating a wildfire risk reduction plan. The plan identifies infrastructure and priorities that need to be protected… Next, areas of risk are identified…Then, after consulting with the citizens and considering other values … treatment prescriptions are written by forest professionals. FESBC funds all of these project activities from start to finish. …FESBC will host a virtual information session that will guide proponents on the criteria FESBC wants to see in the applications, as well as on the steps that need to be taken to put together an application through the online portal. 

 

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Ottawa directed RCMP to ban neck restraints, tear gas and rubber bullets

By Jon Azpiri
CBC News
June 20, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Some B.C. experts say Ottawa’s directive that the RCMP stop using neck restraints, tear gas and rubber bullets should have happened years ago. Others, however, warn taking away some so-called “less-lethal” options may not be the right move. Tonye Aganaba, with Vancouver’s Black Lives Matter… cited recent police actions in response to protests by old-growth logging activists on Vancouver Island. “There was a lot of violence that happened at Fairy Creek,” she said. “A lot of the same strategies that we’re talking about right now were being weaponized,” she said. The Canadian government recently announced it will soon direct the RCMP to ban the controversial tactics. …But not everyone is on board with the directive. …Former RCMP officer Alain Babineau questioned the move. “If we start limiting the intervention tools for the police, then we are limiting the options they have,” Babineau said. 

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Scientists work to protect BC island’s crucial freshwater source from fire, drought

CBC News
June 19, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Researchers on BC Salt Spring Island are working on a plan to protect an important freshwater reserve. Maxwell Lake provides water for about half of Salt Spring Island, just off the east coast of Vancouver Island. Ecologists say agriculture and forestry in the area over the past century have left the forest overgrown, blocking out light and limiting the growth of understory, the low layer of vegetation in the forest that helps absorb water.  Without that water absorption, the forest becomes dry and at greater risk for fires. …The most notable part of that plan is human intervention, something fellow ecologist Pierre Mineau is passionate about. “By removing some trees, doing some thinning, selective openings and so on to allow understory to come in … more water [will be] coming into the aquifer,” he said.

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Canadian forestry researchers converge in Quesnel

By Rebecca Dyok
Quesnel Cariboo Observer
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Young researchers aiming to provide data, tools and practical solutions to improve the resilience of Canadian communities recently converged in Quesnel for a three-day first annual general meeting.  The researchers are with the program Silva21, in which five universities supported by dozens of collaborators are undertaking 38 national research projects from 2021 to 2026.  In the Quesnel Forest District, nine research projects are underway, from thinning and the salvage harvesting of dead trees to the regeneration after catastrophic disturbance.  “Quesnel is probably the place in our cross-country project where the problem is the most obvious because of all the disturbances that have occurred here in terms of fire and the mountain pine beetle,” said Silva21 lead and Université Laval forestry, geography and geomatics professor Alexis Achim.

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21-inch rule lawsuit is a failure on both sides

By the Editorial Board
La Grand Observer
June 18, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

OREGON — A move by a coalition of conservation groups to topple a decision made by the Trump administration that negated a rule that banned logging of large trees on national forests is ultimately a sad reminder that little progress has been made regarding nonlegal solutions to environmental challenges. At the heart of the issue is what is known as the 21-inch rule — an edict that restricted logging of live trees larger than 21 inches in diameter. …The rule was created to address concerns about the safety and viability of old growth timber. The suit is yet another example of failure for both the conservationists and government. Most — but not all — environmental lawsuits over flashpoint issues should never end up in a courtroom. That’s because both sides of any such issue not only carry the capacity to work these challenges out but also hold a responsibility to do so.

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Active forest management combats catastrophic fire

By Kendall Cotton, CEO Frontier Institute
The Missoulian
June 20, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

Every year around this time environmental doomsdayers attempt to convince readers the only way to address catastrophic wildfires is to batten down the hatches of our homes and bank on a strategy of reversing climate warming. These arguments ignore forest leaders and experts who view active forest management strategies like selective logging and prescribed burns as one most effective tools forest managers have right now to make forests more resilient. …This was the tact recently taken by George Wuerthner. While Wuerthner is correct that climate plays a role in forest fires, he is incorrect in his assertion that fuel is irrelevant. …During recent testimony, Forest Service Chief Randy Moore explained the 2021 Bootleg Fire in Oregon demonstrated that in places where they had first thinned the forest and followed that up with a prescribed burn, it allowed the fire to act more predictably and less destructively.

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Federal judge declines to block redwood logging project

By Maria Dinzeo
Courthouse News Service
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

SAN FRANCISCO — A timber company’s proposal to fell redwoods in a Northern California old-growth redwood forest won’t put endangered frogs and salmon species in harms way, a federal judge said Friday in declining to issue an order that would temporarily halt the project while conservationists pursue a legal challenge. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection approved the plan in September 2021, spurring a lawsuit from the Friends of Gualala River (FOGR) …U.S. District Judge Vince Chhabria delivered his ruling following a lengthy hearing last week, where FOGR argued that California Red-Legged frogs and salmon would be imperiled by falling trees and heavy machinery… Chhabria, who visited the site with the parties ahead of the hearing, said Friday that FOGR and its experts had presented only speculative evidence to show that the animals would be harmed. For one thing, he said, the record suggests few Red-Legged frogs are in the area.

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US adds $103M for wildfire hazards and land rehabilitation

By Keith Ridler
Assocated Press in the Oregon Public Broadcasting
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

Deb Haaland

The U.S. is adding $103 million this year for wildfire risk reduction and burned-area rehabilitation throughout the country as well as establishing an interagency wildland firefighter health and well-being program, Interior Secretary Deb Haaland announced Friday.  Haaland made the announcement following a briefing on this year’s wildfire season at the National Interagency Fire Center in Boise, which coordinates the nation’s wildland firefighting efforts.  The U.S. is having one of its worst starts to the wildfire season with more than 30,000 wildfires that have scorched 4,600 square miles. That’s well above the 10-year average for the same period, about 23,500 wildfires and 1,800 square miles burned.  About $80 million will be used to speed up work removing potential wildfire hazards on more than 3,000 square miles of Interior Department lands, a 30% increase over last year. Another $20 million will be used to bolster post-wildfire landscape recovery.

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Bureau of Land Management seeks input on habitat restoration project to protect endangered butterfly

By Louis Krauss
The Register Guard
June 18, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

A secluded area of woods and prairie southeast of Brownsville is targeted for a habitat restoration project by the Bureau of Land Management, which could include cutting down conifers in a commercial timber sale to protect its endangered butterfly population.  From now until July 13, BLM is seeking the public’s input on the proposed project, and on Friday hosted a public meeting at Brownsville City Hall, where local residents could discuss the plan and raise any concerns or questions.  …The butterfly is only found in the Willamette Valley, and the Oak Basin Prairies are one of three known areas with them east of Interstate 5; there are 13 known locations total in Oregon. The Oak Basin Prairies’ population of the butterfly dropped to 12 in 2017, but has since risen to between 30 and 40, according to BLM’s presentation.

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Objections to proposed plan for Western North Carolina national forests delay process

By Jack Igelman
The Carolina Public Press
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US East

…objections to the U.S. Forest Service’s proposed land management plan for Pisgah and Nantahala National forests, released in January after a decade of analysis and collaboration with the public, are leading the agency to take more time than expected to evaluate the issues and concerns raised. The objection phase is the final step of the planning revision process, which has invigorated debate about the best way to manage Western North Carolina’s million acres of national forest. The plan revision, however, may not resolve long-standing grievances with public forest management, ranging from the protection of old-growth forests to serving the economic needs of rural counties. The Forest Service released the proposed management plan and an environmental impact statement in January. …The sheer volume of objections — from local governments, organizations and individuals — is evidence of the friction among elements of the Forest Service’s multiuse mandate, which includes timber harvesting, recreation and conservation.

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USDA has plans to fight Asian longhorned beetle in South Carolina

The Times and Democrat
June 19, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US East

WASHINGTON — The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has announced its plans for combating the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) infestations in Massachusetts, New York, Ohio and South Carolina in 2022. Every year, APHIS evaluates and determines the most effective options to achieve ALB eradication and eliminate the pest. “People living in and around ALB infestations are part of the eradication strategy,” said Josie Ryan, APHIS’ national operations manager. “Checking your trees for the beetle and reporting any suspicious tree damage helps us find the beetle sooner and eliminates the beetle quicker, which saves more trees.” …The program will not apply insecticide treatments this year. Program officials will monitor for the beetle’s presence inside and around each infested area, respond to calls for assistance and perform outreach.

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Victoria’s ash forests at risk as tree climbers work to replenish seed bank

By Erin Somerville
ABC News Australia
June 18, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: International

Desperate efforts to regenerate Victoria’s towering ash forests, which are being regularly decimated by bushfires, involves a dedicated group searching high and low to bank enough seeds for their survival. …Silviculture scientist Owen Bassett is the director of forest recovery organisation Forest Solutions. He warns that Victoria needs to rapidly expand its seed bank to prevent ash forests from being lost forever to bushfires. “Historically, we have probably had about three or four tonnes of seed annually available to us following a bushfire,” he says. “We actually need a minimum of 10 tonnes, and anything up to 20 tonnes with a longer-term target to achieve the size or the scale of forest recovery that we know is coming in the future. …professional climber Daniel Jenkins has been scaling the giant trees to gather their tiny seeds, ready to be dropped from the sky to regenerate the forests. 

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Data on Monarch butterflies in 2022 show a sharp increase in their numbers

The Yucatan Times
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: International

The precipitous decline of the monarch butterfly population over the past three decades — estimates place it at more than 80 percent from the 1990s — has won a reprieve. Data on monarchs overwintering in Mexico in 2022 show a sharp increase in their numbers, with researchers estimating monarch swarms covering 2.84 hectares (7 acres) compared with just 2.1 hectares (5.2 acres) the previous year. Craig Wilson is director of the USDA Future Scientists Program and a senior research associate at Texas A&M’s Center for Mathematics and Science Education. He’s also an expert on the monarch butterfly. “The numbers came up 350 million,” Wilson said. “So there were pessimistic thoughts that it would not increase, but the 35 percent seems to be correct. The numbers were late coming out because I think data was being held up because of COVID down in Mexico or something, but they’re out there now.”

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How unsustainable is Sweden’s forestry? Very

By Erik Hoffner
Mongabay
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: International

Sweden has a gigantic forest products industry, and its national forestry agency claims their operations to be the most sustainable in the world. However, the truth on the ground is that the industry relies heavily on clearcutting natural forests, many of which are quite old, and replanting those with monocultures of trees, some of which are non-native. The story interviews photojournalist Marcus Westberg and National Geographic Explorer Staffan Widstrand, who are active under the banner of Skogsmisbruket, an awareness raising project on Swedish forestry. “Only 3% of Sweden’s forestry doesn’t involve clear-cutting. That should be pretty shocking to anyone who hears it, given Sweden’s reputation as a leader of so-called green practices,” they say in the interview. This is made possible in part by the Swedish forestry model, which allows companies to police their own practices toward ensuring good ecological and social outcomes, which most of the time don’t happen. 

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Consumer countries mull best approach to end deforestation abroad

By John Cannon
Mongabay
June 17, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: International

Tropical deforestation is a cost our planet pays every day for the food we eat. The palm oil, steaks, and the soy  — so much of what we depend on comes at the expense of forests, including those irreplaceable, old-growth bastions of biodiversity, stored carbon and much more. Major global consumers like the U.K., the U.S. and the EU are debating how best to reduce the amount of tropical deforestation resulting from the production of the commodities they import. Some experts argue that laws should restrict any products tinged with deforestation, while others say regulations should allow in imports that come from areas that were deforested legally in the countries in which they were produced. The debate involves questions around sovereignty, equality, and, ultimately, what strategy will best address the urgent need to stem the loss of some of the world’s most important repositories of carbon and biodiversity.

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Giant drone planting 40,000 tree pods a day in Australian Botanic Garden at Mt Annan

By Sean Murphy
ABC News, Australia
June 19, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: International

Giant drones are the latest weapon in an ongoing “war” against the introduced African olive tree in southern Sydney. The drones are planting out a steep ridge line in the Australian Botanic Garden at Mt Annan in Sydney’s south, where 85 per cent of the highly invasive species has been cleared so far.  The park’s director of horticulture, John Siemon, said the aggressive woody weed had covered almost 20 per cent of the 416 hectare park before a concerted effort began to remove them.   The drones are being trialled with funds from an Australian Research Council grant as part of a study led by Western Sydney University.  The start-up Air Seed claims its drones can plant up to 40,000 seeds a day, are 25 times faster and 80 per cent more cost effective than traditional planting methods.  

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Health & Safety

Chula’s Faculty of Engineering Pioneers the Use of Gamma Rays to Inspect Large Trees

By Chulalongkorn University
Newswise
June 20, 2022
Category: Health & Safety
Region: International

Bangkok, Thailand—Large trees standing tall for years might look healthy and strong, yet one cannot tell whether internally the trunks might already be hollow.  This can cause accidents of trees falling and injuring passersby… Associate Professor Nares Chankow and Dr. Manusavee Lohvithee, lecturers of Chula’s Department of Nuclear Technology, Faculty of Engineering, are developing a device for scanning trees using gamma rays to determine the density of the trunks making it the first and only such endeavor in Thailand. The procedure will help determine if the trees have become hollow because of decay, or have been eaten up by termites and white ants.  Other types of rays can also perform the task but x-rays would require the use of a generator which would require electrical currents and hence not very convenient to use. …the gamma-ray scanner has been designed to provide accurate and rapid results without destroying the trees.  

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Forest Fires

Massive wildfire spreads to more than 2,000 acres of New Jersey forest

By Jeff Goldman
NJ.com True Jersey
June 20, 2022
Category: Forest Fires
Region: United States, US East

A sweeping wildfire within Wharton State Forest had expanded to 2,100 acres by late Sunday and was expected to burn through the night, officials said. Fueled by dry and breezy conditions, the fire spanning Washington, Shamong, Hammonton and Mullica Township was only 20% contained Sunday night as firefighters battled the blaze. …No one has been injured. The fire was near six structures in Paradise Lakes Campground in Hammonton, with local volunteer fire departments from Atlantic, Burlington and Ocean counties providing protection at both the campground and Batsto Village, the New Jersey Forest Fire Service said. …At 7:25 p.m. Sunday, the fire had burned about 600 acres and was 10% contained. A new update on the fire should be available around 10:30 a.m. Monday, officials said.

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Spain battles wildfires fuelled by one of earliest heatwaves on record

By Ashifa Kassam
The Guardian
June 19, 2022
Category: Forest Fires
Region: International

Flames licked roads and coloured the sky orange as firefighters in northern Spain scrambled to contain dozens of blazes fuelled by one of the earliest heatwaves on record. In the Sierra de la Culebra mountain range in the north-western province of Zamora, flames devoured more than 25,000 hectares, forcing the evacuation of hundreds of residents from 18 municipalities. Emergency officials said on Sunday that cooling temperatures had enabled them to make gains. …More than 600 firefighters had fought to temper the blaze, which tore through a mountain range that ranks as one of Spain’s green jewels. …Days of scorching heat across Spain were blamed for fuelling dozens of wildfires in eight of the country’s 17 regions. Officials in Catalonia said on Saturday that firefighters were struggling to douse more than 30 blazes.

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