The Conference Board Consumer Confidence Index® increased in December following back-to-back monthly declines. The Index now stands at 108.3, up sharply from 101.4 in November. ThePresent Situation Index—based on consumers’ assessment of current business and labor market conditions—increased to 147.2 from 138.3 last month. The Expectations Index—based on consumers’ short-term outlook for income, business, and labor market conditions—improved to 82.4 from 76.7. However, Expectations are still lingering around 80—a level associated with recession.