Daily News for January 29, 2024

Today’s Takeaway

BC looks at sweeping changes to managing public lands

The Tree Frog Forestry News
January 29, 2024
Category: Today's Takeaway

Columnist Vaughn Palmer says BC is quietly looking to co-manage public lands with First Nations. In related news: the Snuneymuxw First Nation adds to its reserve; TLA addresses BC’s forestry challenges; and a UBC professor says its time for a rethink. In other news: Quebec sawmills were unprofitable in 2023; no date set for Tolko High Prairie mill reopening; CC Allis & Sons’ mill rebuild in Pennsylvania; and Hayward Lumber expands in California.

In Forestry/Climate news: a US bipartisan effort to combat wildfires; a California bill seeks to monitor fire smoke; Oregon trainers look to put more good fire on the ground; Ontario firefighters are exposed to toxin risk; and the Amazon’s record drought is fuelled by climate change. Meanwhile: the American Wood Council announces its new Board; and forest communicator Jess Ketchum branches out again.

Finally the first full-height laminated veneer lumber wind turbine goes for a spin.

Kelly McCloskey, Tree Frog Editor 

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Business & Politics

Navigating challenges: Truck Loggers Association Convention addresses sector’s struggles

By Jennifer Ellson
Canadian Forest Industries
January 29, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

At the 79th Truck Loggers Association Convention, attendees emphasized key challenges faced by the forestry sector in British Columbia. These include a shortage in fiber supply, a global decline in prices for wood products, and uncertainties surrounding the province’s policies on old-growth and biodiversity protection. The message to government officials was clear: urgent attention is needed to address these issues. Tracey Russell, vice-president of Inland Truck and Equipment, conveyed the industry’s sentiments on Day 2, stating, “we’re in dire straits right now,” as he introduced B.C. Premier David Eby on stage, seizing the opportunity to communicate the sector’s concerns directly to the premier. Russell shared real-world struggles, highlighting job losses and the dire situation the industry currently faces. …“The future of forestry is a strong one. Currently it’s a challenging one and I want you to know that I know that,” Eby said.

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Quesnel’s Jess Ketchum, co-founder of Save Our Streets (SOS) Coalition

By Frank Peebles
Quesnel Cariboo Observer
January 26, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

Jess Ketchum

Jess Ketchum once helped save the streets of Quesnel. Now he’s helping to save the streets of the entire province. …Ketchum has been a central figure in many key organizations around the area. …Local MLA and cabinet minister Alex Fraser convinced Ketchum to become his Legislative advisor. He was hired by Jimmy Pattison to be a communications leader for Expo 86. One of his clients is the vaunted Council of Forest Industries. He helped found the Rocky Mountaineer rail tourism company. But his first and friendliest client was a little forestry firm called West Fraser Timber, operated by Hank Ketcham of Quesnel. …A provincial response is needed, said Ketchum, which is why the Save Our Streets Coalition is catching on with members all over B.C. who aren’t strong enough of voice, by themselves, but as a group they have clout. 

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Progress continues, no opening for Tolko High Prairie mill set

By Chris Clegg
The South Peace News
January 28, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

HIGH PRAIRIE, Alberta — Tolko Industries has not yet set a date for the reopening of its High Prairie mill eight kms west of town after the May 20, 2022 fire. “Tolko’s High Prairie team continues to make excellent progress on the rebuilding project at the mill, and we hope to be able to share more information soon about restarting production,” says Chris Downey, Tolko’s communications advisor on Jan. 4. It was about 20 months ago on May 20, 2022 when a fire devastated the interior of the mill. Damage to the press and press building was significant, and much of the equipment was a total loss, said Downey at the time. “Work on assembling the new continuous press is progressing well, and the mill is aiming to be up and running by the end of the year,” said Downey in a June 14, 2023 story. 

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B.C. NDP quietly consult on sweeping changes to managing public lands

By Vaughn Palmer
Vancouver Sun
January 26, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

VICTORIA — The New Democrats have quietly launched public consultation on their plan to begin co-management of government-owned land with B.C.’s 204 First Nations. “The province wants to know your thoughts on sharing public land-use decision making,” says the call for submissions on the government website. “The government hopes to be able to negotiate agreements with Indigenous governments and begin sharing decision-making on public land use in the late spring of 2024″. The overseer Ministry of Water, Land and Resource Stewardship posted the call for submissions at Engage B.C. (engage.gov.bc.ca) earlier this month. The ministry did not publicize the invitation with a news release, suggesting the government is not all that keen to attract attention to the exercise. …The tight time frame, like the minimal publicity for the consultations, suggests the New Democrats have already made up their minds on how to proceed.

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Snuneymuxw First Nation adding 80 hectares to its reserve

By Carla Wilson
Victoria Times Colonist
January 28, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

Snuneymuxw First Nation reserve is expanding by 80 hectares under a new interim land-reconciliation agreement with the federal government. The land is made up of several parcels, some in the Nanaimo and Cedar area and more on Gabriola Island. It will add to the existing 266 hectares already held as reserve lands by the nation. The land is designated for a wide range of uses, including on-reserve housing, economic development, infrastructure upgrades and sustainable forestry projects. …The parcels have been “used by Western Forest Products, the Department of National Defence, and as the location of the horrific Nanaimo Indian Hospital,” a joint Snuneymuxw and federal statement said. …Negotiations around the nation’s traditional territories, called Camp Nanaimo Lands on Te’tuxwtun, started in 2003, culminating in this historic agreement, he said. …The nation fought for an agreement that reflected the legal authority of the Snuneymuxw Saarlequun Treaty, a trade and commerce agreement of 1854, he said.

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Quebec sawmills losing money as lumber demand drops

CBC News
January 28, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada East

Jean-François Champoux

Sawmills in Quebec have not turned a profit for more than a year due to the drop in demand for lumber, according to industry experts. …The situation pushed some sawmills in the province to temporarily slow down production in 2023 to limit deficits. One sawmill in the Quebec region of Lanaudière, the Scierie Saint-Michel, is back to operating at full capacity — but at a loss, said CEO Jean-François Champoux. “The entire forestry industry has been operating at a loss since the beginning of 2023,” Champoux said. The profitability of sawmills is tied to housing starts, which themselves are influenced by interest rates. Those rates have tripled in the last two years, according to Francis Cortellino, economist for the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. …Jean-François Samray, the director of the Quebec Forest Industry Council, said he expects interest rates to drop, which should mean more housing starts on the horizon.

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Hayward Lumber strengthens presence with acquisition of Economy Lumber

By Andy Carlo
The HBS Dealer
January 26, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: United States, US West

MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA — Hayward Lumber, a prominent provider of premium building products since 1919, proudly announces the acquisition of Economy Lumber, a respected lumber yard in Campbell, CA. The union of these local, family-owned businesses is a significant step forward for the companies and their communities. Founded in 1936, Economy Lumber is the first lumberyard in the unincorporated district of Santa Clara County, known as “Burbank”. The company later relocated to Campbell, CA.  Under the leadership of John D. Saunders, the third-generation President and CEO, Economy Lumber has played a vital role in the region’s construction industry. …Hayward Lumber’s acquisition of Economy Lumber will result in an expanded footprint, encompassing eight lumberyard locations, six design centers, a pro tool and repair shop, one truss plant, four rail yards, and a combined workforce of approximately 270 employees across California.

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Rebuilding centuries-old sawmill after fire

WNEP 16 ABC News
January 26, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: United States, US East

BRADFORD COUNTY, Pa. — “I’m glad that we have it back to where we can keep people employed to keep working here and to keep our family together,” said Shannon Fitzgerald, C.C. Allis and Sons Co-Owner. For Shannon Fitzgerald, a few charred beams are all that remain as her family’s business works to rebuild its decades-old sawmill, which burned to the ground in an accidental fire last spring. Now the mill is well on its way to being rebuilt. Camp says all thanks to community support. “It’s been here all their lives, so they’ve actually wanted to see it come back, and people just wanted it in general to come back because it was so used to being here in the community.” Camp and Fitzgerald expect the project to be completed sometime in June. Then, they can return to supplying the many who have helped keep them in business for more than two centuries.

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The American Wood Council announced new Board members, member companies

The American Wood Council
January 26, 2024
Category: Business & Politics
Region: United States, US East

LEESBURG, Va. — The American Wood Council (AWC) announced the election of T.R. Miller Mill Company’s President and CEO Ricky Stanley as the new Board Chair for a two-year term. Sean McLaren, President and CEO of West Fraser, was elected as First Vice Chair and SmartLam’s CEO Derek Ratchford was elected as Second Vice Chair. …In addition to taking the Second Vice Chair role, Ratchford is one of four new Board members. The other new Board members elected to two-year terms are PotlatchDeltic’s Vice President of Wood Products Ashlee Cribb, Roseburg’s Senior Vice President of Operations Jake Elston, and Westervelt’s President & CEO Cade Warner. …In addition to the newly elected Board members, eight companies have recently joined AWC…

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Finance & Economics

Mixed Outlook for North American Rail Freight in 2024

By Jim Blaze
Railway Age
January 26, 2024
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: Canada, United States

Construction will lead to growth in rail-hauled commodities from aggregates to fabricated metals, such as steel. In 2023, metallic ores were up 10%, aggregates for construction increased by 5.3%, while iron and steel scrap volume by rail was up 3.3%. …It is difficult to predict the shipment by rail of finished cars and wood products. Both are subject to demand that is directly impacted by interest rates. As 2023 closes, there may be a surplus of cars on hand as potential buyers wait for loan interest rates to drop. Higher mortgage rates in the housing market may depress both lumber and new home appliance orders, both of which are transported by rail. …If the U.S. economy stays healthy and avoids a recession, then the rail freight sector should grow, and remain very profitable. Both the Canadian and the Mexican rail networks should also see growth in volumes.

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Wood, Paper & Green Building

Prince George doctor’s support for Ukraine turning wood into weapons

By Ted Clarke
The Prince George Citizen
January 27, 2024
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: Canada, Canada West

Laurie Cook wants to help Ukrainians win their war with Russia. In March 2022, he started exchanging wood products he makes at his home in Prince George for donations that are sent directly to Ukraine to fund the war effort. The 74-year-old Prince George family physician uses his basement workshop to make dining room tables, benches, cutting boards, coffee tables, charcuterie serving boards and bed frames, which are then all sold by donation. The money is then sent to the Ukrainian government’s United 24 fundraising website. “ …The website gives donors the choice of providing humanitarian, reconstruction or military aid. Since going live on May 5, 2022, the site has raised more than US$528 million. …“All the stuff I’m making is branded ‘Slava Ukraini’ – glory to Ukraine,” said Cook.

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Dialog, EllisDon report strong progress on hybrid timber floor prototype

By Don Wall
The Daily Commercial News
January 26, 2024
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: Canada, Canada East

Six years after the launch of the concept, project partners Dialog and EllisDon could be just a year or so from hitting the market with their new Hybrid Timber Floor System. Using a prototype composite of post-tensioned concrete, cross-laminated timber, rebar and an engineered coating, the invention with its 40-foot panels would allow mass timber–based floor systems to be used in non-residential long-span construction such as office and institutional, sectors that until now have been limited to traditional building materials. Dialog, an architectural firm, and EllisDon hosted a project update event at the University of Toronto on Jan. 24 in collaboration with WoodWorks and the Mass Timber Institute. The event was billed as Hybrid Timber – Low Carbon and Long Spans. …To capture the attention of owners, designers and engineers, the partners created the floor plate for prototypical use in a 105-storey office building.

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First full-height timber wind turbine opens in Sweden

By Rina Sabina Aouf
Dezeen Magazine
January 29, 2024
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: International

The world’s first full-scale timber wind turbine has started turning in Sweden, with a tower built by wood technology company Modvion. The 105-metre-tall tower, located in the region of Skara, is Modvion’s first commercial wind turbine tower, and follows on from a smaller 30-metre-high demonstration project the company completed in 2020. While its rotor blades and generator hub are made of conventional materials, the tower is made of laminated veneer lumber (LVL).  The company says that this type of wood is not only strong enough to withstand the forces of a turning turbine, it is much more environmentally sustainable to build with than the currently used steel. Modvion describes its wood towers as reducing the carbon emissions from wind turbine construction by over 100 per cent, due to the combination of a less emissions-heavy production process and the carbon storage provided by trees.

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Forestry

We don’t all have to love the environment the same way

By Patricia Lane & Emily Huddart Kennedy
The National Observer
January 28, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada

The University of BC professor Emily Huddart Kennedy’s recent book Eco-Types helps us understand five ways of relating to the natural world. …Those I call “Eco Engaged” experience a fragile planet in need of protection from human destruction and disregard….Those I named “Self Effacing” share this concern, and admire the “Eco Engaged” but doubt their own efficacy. “Optimists” believe they live on a planet that is so strong and resilient that humans are largely inconsequential. “Fatalists” worry about environmental degradation and are angry with what they perceive to be corporate abuse of the natural world, but they don’t trust government or business to do what is needed. …Finally, the “Indifferent” love the natural world but don’t see it as their task to be informed or to act to protect it. …Want to know your eco-type?

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Firesmart activities come to more Columbia Basin communities

East Kootenay News Weekly e-KNOW
January 28, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada West

From educating residents on how to lower the risk of wildfire, to reducing the amount of vegetation that could fuel a fire, there are many ways a community can act to keep the threat of wildfire at bay. Now, 10 communities in the Columbia Basin are undertaking such projects with support of nearly $1.8 million provided through a partnership between the Province of British Columbia and Columbia Basin Trust. Tailored specifically to the Basin, this program is one aspect of the Province of BC’s Community Resiliency Investment Program. Partners include the Ministry of Forests, BC Wildfire Service and Columbia Basin Trust, which is administering the funding. …The program supports a range of projects. For example, actions may include hiring a FireSmart coordinator, developing plans to treat wildfire fuels, carrying out innovative fuel management activities or providing training on how to do FireSmart assessments. In the program’s first intake in winter 2023, 20 projects received $2.5 million.

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Is it time for a rethink of B.C.’s forest practices and policies?

By Adam Berls
CKPG Today
January 26, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Younes Alila

PRINCE GEORGE — It’s time to rethink forestry practices and policy, according to researchers at UBC. They looked at past hydrology studies and found that many severely and consistently underestimated the impact of forest cover on flood risk, therefore leading to poorly informed forest management policies and practices. Dr. Younes Alila, a professor in the faculty of forestry at UBC found that clear-cut logging is causing major problems for people and ecosystems, and will continue to do so, unless practices are changed. …..“In B.C. alone, the flood risk is escalating as we continue to lose forest cover due to ongoing large-scale logging and wildfires. … Regenerative practices such as selective logging, small patch cutting, and other alternatives to clear-cutting are an important way forward.”

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Wildland firefighters call on Ontario to acknowledge risks linked to toxin exposure

By Aya Dufour
CBC News
January 29, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada East

Noah Freedman has recently been reviewing the forest firefighter training manual to prepare himself ahead of his ninth fire season. He is vice-president of Local 703 of the Ontario Public Service Employees Union (OPSEU) and a forest fire crew leader with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNR). “I’m astounded and reminded that our employer doesn’t provide any training whatsoever on hazards associated with exposure to forest fire smoke,” he said. “They still advise firefighters to cover their faces with a dry fabric covering even though this was proven to be an ineffective way to protect yourself from toxic or chemical emissions.” Last week, a joint health and safety committee with the MNR filed a recommendation that the government do more to inform, educate and protect forest firefighters against exposure to cancerous toxins. 

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In Oregon, a New Program Is Training Burn Bosses to Help Put More “Good Fire” on the Ground

By Grant Stringer
Inside Climate News
January 29, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

More states and private landowners recognize the importance of prescribed burns to improve forest health and reduce the severity of wildfires, but the lack of firefighters trained to ignite and manage the blazes has slowed progress. In July 2021, the massive Bootleg fire in southern Oregon burned 650 square miles and left vast swaths of forest littered with dead trees.  But when the smoke cleared, scientists discovered that forests treated with prescribed burns had largely survived because fewer woody fuels were available to stoke the megafire. Evidence like this is fueling a renaissance of prescribed burning in the U.S. West. Nationally, the U.S. Forest Service has resolved to thin and burn 50 million acres and officials are increasingly recognizing myriad Indigenous uses of fire that improved the health of forest ecosystems and made explosive wildfires less likely to burn in them. Now, states are joining the movement to return what proponents call “good fire” to landscapes.

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Bill would target impacts of wildfire smoke

The Mountain Democrat
January 26, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

Marie Alvarado-Gil

SACRAMENTO – Over the past five years, California has experienced unprecedented wildfire… Wildfire smoke has poured in from hundreds of miles away, severely impacting air quality around regions unaffected by the wildfire itself. As a result, many people suffered from health and economic impacts as they have been forced to shelter in place, with businesses and schools shutting down, and other daily operations coming to a halt. Sen. Marie Alvarado-Gil’s Senate Bill 945 (The Wildfire Smoke and Health Outcomes Data Act) would allow state agencies to track and monitor air pollution, population exposure and cases of adverse health outcomes due to wildfire smoke. Using the compiled data, the appropriate agencies would be able to facilitate future research efforts to better understand the negative impacts of wildfire smoke on the environment and California’s population. Currently, there is insufficient data by the state and medical community on these health impacts.

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Rep. Schrier Calls for Expanded Efforts to Combat Wildfire Smoke and Increase Controlled Burning

Lake Chelan NOW
January 26, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

On Thursday, U.S. Representative Kim Schrier(WA-08) was joined by 4 other Representatives in sending a bipartisan letter to the Department of Interior Secretary Deb Haaland, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Michael Regan, Department of Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Director Mandy Cohen calling for further interagency collaboration to combat the rising threat of wildfire smoke and increase the practice of safe controlled burning (often referred to as prescribed fire). …Schrier’s letter encourages the EPA, CDC, Department of the Interior, and Department of Agriculture to work together to coordinate and approve the expanded use of prescribed fires, which mitigate the risk and subsequent health impacts of large, catastrophic fires. …Unfortunately, “business as usual” arrangements between the respective agencies have stymied the widespread use of this effective forest management method.

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Forest plan that threatens old-growth forests and bull trout must be challenged

By Mike Garrity, Executive Director, Alliance for the Wild Rockies
Daily Montanan
January 28, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

There’s so much wrong with a logging project in Bitterroot National Forest, so many illegalities, omissions, and disregard for the foundational laws, the Alliance for the Wild Rockies, Friends of the Bitterroot, Native Ecosystems Council, Yellowstone to Uintas Connection and Wildearth Guardians had no choice but to try to take this project to court due to its negative impacts on fish, wildlife and the forested landscape. …Despite the enormous size of the project, the Forest Service did not disclose where the logging and burning would take place. …While whitebark pine was recently added to the Endangered Species List, the Forest Service has yet to receive authority from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to move forward with the Project and has also failed to its duty to maintain and restore these vanishing trees as required by the Endangered Species Act.

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Senator Debbie Stabenow Receives Conservation Champion Award

US States Senate Committee on Agriculture & Forestry
January 26, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US East

Lansing, MI – U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (MI) was recently honored with the Conservation Champion Award at Pheasants Forever’s 2024 Michigan State Convention. The award recognizes Stabenow’s decades of service to conservation, and her tremendous success in advocating for the natural world in her home state and across the nation. …Stabenow is currently the chair of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry. Through this work, she shapes the nation’s food, farm and conservation policy — impacting generations to come. The 2024 Farm Bill will be the Senator’s sixth during her time in office, and the third she has led as either the chair or the ranking member of the committee.  

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The World’s Forests Are Doing Much Better Than We Think

By David Fickling
Bloomberg Opinion
January 28, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: International

It’s a sign that not every indicator is pointing toward doom — though there is no room for complacency. Think of a planet in the grip of climate crisis, and many of the images in your mind will be carved from wood. Forests in Canada and Australia going up in flames; loggers in the jungles of Indonesia and Brazil chain-sawing ancient trees for lumber; monocultural fir plantations marching in geometric order up the hillsides of Scotland or Sweden. You might be surprised to discover, then, that many of the world’s woodlands are in a surprisingly good condition. The destruction of tropical forests gets so much (justified) attention that we’re at risk of missing how much progress we’re making in cooler climates. [to access the full story a Bloomberg subscription is required]

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Climate change drives Amazon rainforest’s record drought, study finds

By Jake Spring
Reuters
January 24, 2024
Category: Forestry
Region: International

SAO PAULO, Brazil – Climate change is the main culprit for a record drought in the Amazon rainforest that has drained rivers, killed endangered dolphins and upended life for millions of people in the region, according to a new study. Global warming made the drought 30 times more likely, drove extreme high temperatures and contributed to lower rainfall, according to the analysis by World Weather Attribution. The study focused on June to November last year. The drought that hit all nine Amazon rainforest countries – including Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Peru – is expected to worsen in 2024 after the rainy season begins to recede in May. …Researchers have said the drought could worsen forest fires, which when coupled with climate change and deforestation could push the Amazon more quickly toward a point of no return after which the biome dries out and ceases to be lush rainforest.

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Carbon, Climate & Bioenergy

Ability of Indian forests as carbon sinks in question amid global warming

By Simon Sirur
India.Mongabay.com
January 29, 2024
Category: Carbon, Climate & Bioenergy
Region: International

INDIA — The ability of forests to take up carbon dioxide is driven by multiple feedback loops, which grow more complex as global warming sets in. A recent study from IIT Bombay finds that even though greening in India has increased over the last two decades, carbon uptake by forests has reduced. The study by researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay highlights the impacts of global warming on the forest ecosystem, suggesting that it may be affecting and reducing the carbon uptake potential of forests. …The findings send a “strong scientific message” that improvements in greening don’t necessarily result in improvements in carbon uptake. “This analysis also has significant implications on the scientific analyses for planning to achieve net zero by 2070, as committed by India,” says the paper, published in Nature in December 2023.

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Health & Safety

Soap bark discovery offers a sustainability booster for the global vaccine market

John Innes Centre
January 26, 2024
Category: Health & Safety
Region: International

Norwich, UK — A valuable molecule sourced from the soapbark tree and used as a key ingredient in vaccines has been replicated in an alternative plant host for the first time, opening unprecedented opportunities for the vaccine industry.  A research collaboration led by the John Innes Centre used the recently published genome sequence of the Chilean soapbark tree (Quillaja saponaria) to track down and map the elusive genes and enzymes in the complicated sequence of steps needed to produce the molecule QS-21. Using transient expression techniques, the team reconstituted the chemical pathway in a tobacco plant, demonstrating for the first time ‘free-from ‘tree’ production of this highly valued compound. Professor Anne Osbourn said: “Our study opens unprecedented opportunities for bioengineering vaccine adjuvants. We can now investigate and improve these compounds to promote the human immune response to vaccines.” Vaccine adjuvants are immunostimulants which prime the body’s response to the vaccine. 

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Forest Fires

Forest fire in Los Alerces National Park is ‘out of control’

Buenos Aires Herald
January 28, 2024
Category: Forest Fires
Region: International

ARGENTINA — An ongoing wildfire has swept at least 577 hectares of forest in Los Alerces National Park, Chubut province. The fire is “out of control,” according to fire brigade authorities, while strong winds and intense heat are making the situation worse. Provincial and national fire brigades are working to prevent the fire from reaching nearby towns such as Esquel and Trevelin. The flames are torching the native forest area, which was declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 2017… the fire first broke out on Thursday in two separate locations, very near to each other, and merged as flames spread. It is currently affecting the Centinela Creek area inside the national park, although the fire has now spread beyond the park’s borders. Mario Cárdenas, head of the local fire department, told Télam on Saturday that it is “out of control” and expected that it would take several days to subdue.

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