Daily News for December 15, 2022

Today’s Takeaway

Philanthropic deeds courtesy of Canfor, Mosaic and JD Irving

The Tree Frog Forestry News
December 15, 2022
Category: Today's Takeaway

It’s beginning to look a lot like Christmas — philanthropic deeds by Canfor (College of New Caledonia); Mosaic Forest Management (Kw’umut Lelum Foundation) and JD Irving (New Brunswick). In Business news: Mondi joins the forest products exodus from Russia; Trifecta acquires the International Mass Timber Conference; Crown Paper appoints Will Lindsay CEO; and the Canadian Wood Council renews Rick Jeffery’s CEO contract. 

In Forestry/Climate news: developing countries walk out of COP15; BC Elders call for end to old-growth logging; Bill Dumont on North Cowichan’s forestry debate; Alberta notches win against the mountain pine beetle; Whitebark Pine now officially listed as threatened; USDA research on the benefits and threats to wilderness; and loggers opine on their cost and access challenges.

Finally, an audacious plan to build forests on… planet Mars.

Kelly McCloskey, Tree Frog Editor

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Froggy Foibles

An audacious plan to build forests on Mars

By Kiona Smith
Inverse.com
December 7, 2022
Category: Froggy Foibles
Region: International

A century from now, people on Mars might stroll through forests filled with juniper trees, kudzu vines, and heath shrubs. Maybe. Ecologist Paul Smith of the University of Bristol suggests that long-term residents of Mars could build small nature preserves, shielded from the harsh Martian environment by clear domes or layers of Martian crust. …He published his proposal in the Journal of Astrobiology. …He suggests about 20 hectares of forest park, carefully contained under protective pressurized domes or sheltered in lava tubes lit by mirrors and fiber optics. …They’ll need shielding against ultraviolet light and cosmic rays, pressurized air, artificial heating, a lot of added water, and some way to get toxic chemicals like perchlorates out of the regolith. …The idea of contained nature preserves on Mars could be viable in roughly a century.

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Business & Politics

Canadian Wood Council announces renewed contract extension CEO Rick Jeffery

Canadian Wood Council
December 14, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada

OTTAWA, Ontario – The Canadian Wood Council (CWC) is pleased to announce that its Board of Directors has agreed to extend Rick Jeffery’s mandate as the organization’s President and CEO to 2025. “We are extremely pleased to announce that Rick will continue his role as President and CEO for CWC,” said Jérôme Pelletier, Chairman of the Board. “As Interim CEO, Rick has elevated the leadership, culture, and strategic direction at CWC. This gives us the utmost confidence in CWC’s continued progress under Rick’s stewardship as we transition into a new chapter for our industry.” Since joining CWC, Rick has made it a priority to work alongside its board of directors and staff in renewing CWC’s strategic plan, strengthen the relationship with its key stakeholders as well as establishing a new leadership team.

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Forest management company donates $100,000 to Nanaimo’s Kw’umut Lelum Foundation

The Nanaimo News Bulletin
December 14, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

A non-profit Indigenous family service foundation based in Nanaimo has received a significant financial boost, aimed at bolstering cultural initiatives, after a $100,000 donation from a forestry company. Mosaic Forest Management has committed $100,000 over three years to Kw’umut Lelum Foundation, an Indigenous-owned and led community foundation. The money will be spent on “language revitalization and preservation initiatives,” scholarship development programs, and securing equal access to programs. Mosaic president and CEO Rob Gough said in the release that the financial contribution is all part of the company’s work with First Nations. …Sharon Hobenshield, the foundation’s executive director, expressed gratitude for the donation.

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Canfor donates $50,000 to College of New Caledonia

By Mark Nielsen
Prince George Citizen
December 13, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: Canada, Canada West

Students in the College of New Caledonia early childhood education programs will be able to secure any of 20 bursaries with the help of a $50,000 donation from Canfor Corporation. For the 2022-2023 academic year, CNC will offer five $2,000 bursaries and 15 $1,000 bursaries and they will be awarded to students in one- and two-year certificate and diploma programs based on their academic standing, financial need, and overall commitment to early childhood education. The donation was made through Canfor’s Good Things Come From Trees fund. “It’s important to Canfor that we invest in the next generation of early childhood educators so that we can help to provide parents in our communities with the support network they need, and enable them to join the local workforce,” said Canfor senior vice president-people Kay Player.

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Trifecta Collective Acquires the International Mass Timber Conference and International Mass Timber Report from Forest Business Network

By Trifecta Collective and GreyLion
Business Wire
December 14, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: United States, US West

ARLINGTON, Va. — Trifecta Collective LLC, owned and backed by GreyLion, an investment firm announced that it has acquired the International Mass Timber Conference (IMTC) and International Mass Timber Report (IMTR) from Forest Business Network. The IMTC is the largest gathering of mass timber experts in the world, focusing on the entire industry supply chain. The conference, co-produced with WoodWorks, is held annually in Portland, Oregon, with the 2023 event taking place March 27-29. The IMTR is a first-of-its-kind manual, offering an international focus on the entire mass timber supply chain that’s widely regarded as a leading information source for mass timber professionals. As part of the transaction, Forest Business Network’s owners, Craig Rawlings, Arnie Didier, and Tom Waddell, will continue to remain in their respective leadership positions. Trifecta Collective executives …will closely work with Messrs. Rawlings, Didier, and Waddell to help enhance and build upon their already successful platform.

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Crown Paper Group Announces Will Lindsay as Chief Executive Officer

By Crown Paper Group
Cision Newswire
December 14, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: United States, US West

PORT TOWNSEND, Washington — Crown Paper Group announced that Will Lindsay has been named Chief Executive Officer, effective December 19, 2022. Lindsay most recently served as Senior Director, Global Papers Strategy and Product Optimization at WestRock and brings to this role extensive experience across the paper and packaging industry. Crown Paper Group, including Port Townsend Paper Company and Crown Corrugated Company, is an integrated mill and containerboard operation with a strategic presence in the growing markets of the Pacific Northwest and Western Canada. …Port Townsend Paper Corporation is a provider of high-quality recycled and virgin kraft containerboard, kraft pulp and specialty products. The company’s two converting facilities, known as Crown Packaging and Boxmaster, operate with extensive customer reach and distribution capabilities throughout British Columbia and Alberta. 

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British packaging firm Mondi joins Ukraine war exodus

By Jane Denton
This is Money UK
December 15, 2022
Category: Business & Politics
Region: International

Paper and packaging group Mondi is selling three of its Russian packaging converting operations to Moscow-based Gotek Group for €24million, or around £20million.  The London-listed group said the disposal was valued at about $25.47million, or about £21million, at the current exchange rate, leading to an expected loss from the sale in the range of around £60million to £70million.  Mondi said there was no certainty as to when the deal would be completed given the political and regulatory backdrop. The three packaging converting operations comprise a corrugated solutions plant and two consumer flexibles plants, producing a range of packaging solutions for the domestic Russian market. Mondi shares fell today and were down 1.19 per cent or 17.50p to 1,451.00p this morning, having fallen over 17 per cent in the last year.  

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Finance & Economics

Canadian housing starts dip 0.2% in November

By Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Cision Newswire
December 15, 2022
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: Canada

OTTAWA, Ontario — The standalone monthly SAAR of total housing starts for all areas in Canada was flat in November, with a minor decline of 0.2% (264,159 units) compared to October (264,581 units). The SAAR of total urban starts was also flat, with 242,644 units recorded in November. Multi-unit urban starts increased 2% to 190,415 units, while single-detached urban starts fell 7% to 52,229 units. Rural starts were estimated at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 21,515 units. “Despite this, housing starts activity remains elevated in Canadain 2022,” said Bob Dugan, CMHC’s Chief Economist. The trend in housing starts was 274,361 units in November, down 1% from 277,044 units in October, according to Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC).

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There appears to be a return of seasonal stability in home buying

By Keta Kosman, Publisher
Madison’s Lumber Reporter
December 15, 2022
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: Canada, United States

…There appears to be a return of seasonal stability in home buying, in new housing construction, and thus for lumber demand as well.  However, there are quite a few changes in comparison to the past. The most important for sawmills is that a new floor for dimension lumber prices has been established. The main reason for this is because the cost structure for producers has changed completely. Not just general inflation, but more fundamental – structural – changes to the forest industry and sawmilling which have increased operating costs significantly. …To Madison’s it seems that Western Spruce-Pine-Fir 2×4 #2&Btr KD (RL) will fluctuate somewhere between US$500 and $700 mfbm. This is because that lower price is very generally the new cost-of-production for most large-volume operators in British Columbia… [and] the habit of continuing to produce lumber despite big drops in demand is no longer the usual method of operating.

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Downshift for the Fed. What does this mean for housing?

By Robert Dietz
NAHB – Eye on Housing
December 14, 2022
Category: Finance & Economics
Region: United States

Downshifting its pace of tightening of monetary policy, the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy committee raised the federal funds target rate by 50 basis points, increasing that target to an upper bound of 4.5%. This marked a relatively smaller increase after four previous 75 basis point hikes. The Fed has clearly communicated it will continue to tighten monetary policy however, raising rates into the first quarter of next year. In fact, the Fed’s projections indicate it will likely raise by another 50 to 75 basis points at its next two meetings. ….  …The Fed’s projections suggest rate cuts will not begin until 2024. And while the Fed will likely cut by about 100 basis points in 2024, per its own current projections, the central bank will maintain rates above its estimated neutral rate (2.5%) well into 2025.

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Wood, Paper & Green Building

New Sooke library wins building award

BC Local News in Victoria News
December 14, 2022
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: Canada, Canada West

SOOKE, BC — The new branch of the Vancouver Island Regional Library (VIRL) in Sooke turned another page in its latest chapter. Capital Region Commercial Building Awards named the newly constructed building a merit award winner in the Community Institutional category. The $7.5-million library opened earlier this year. Tsawout Longhouse in Saanichton won the overall award out of 58 finalists. …Amy Dawley, assistant director of VIRL’s service and building design division, said, “To be formally recognized in the Capital Region, an area of rapid growth with so many stunning building projects, is a great honour.” …The branch has been built in alignment with the B.C. Wood First Initiative, which sources local, sustainably procured wood.

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STOREYS’ 2022 Design Trend of the Year: Mass Timber

Toronto Storeys
December 15, 2022
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: Canada, Canada East

For decades, concrete has been the go-to material for developers, one of the most consumed resources on the planet. The earth has paid a price. Cement, which is the main ingredient in concrete, is responsible for 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions. Finally, in cities throughout North America, mass timber is getting its day in the sun as a viable material for an increasing number of developers, including Toronto, which had been slow to embrace the new method. It wasn’t easy. Although recent wood technology has generated a catalogue of mass timber products that are as durable and strong as concrete, and even highly fire resistant, old habits are hard to break. The industry kept going back to cement because it was familiar, readily available, and cheaper. After a lot of talk and considerable hype, mass timber has become an actual option, even for the residential sector.

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Pallet shortage prompts calls for government action to shore up timber supply

By Leon Georgiou
ABC News Australia
December 15, 2022
Category: Wood, Paper & Green Building
Region: International

The Australian consumer goods supply chain is again experiencing a shortage of timber pallets, with industry experts saying the problem will only get worse. South Australian Forest Products Association chief executive Nathan Paine said the shortage demonstrated the need for governments to work with industry to increase the supply of timber. “A big part of this of course is Christmas,” he said. “We’re all out there, we’re buying food for the Christmas lunch and dinner, we’re buying presents — and demand for products and the movement of products has increased as a consequence. “Even though as an industry, we’re producing over two million pallets each year to support the movement of those food and goods — that’s just not keeping up with demand, and that shortage really is likely to have an impact on our everyday lives in the future.”

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Forestry

‘Issue of fairness’: Developing countries walk out of biodiversity talks over funding

By Bob Weber, Stephane Blais and Morgan Lowrie
Canadian Press in The Chronicle Journal
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada

MONTREAL – Representatives from developing countries have walked out of a global conference on conserving the world’s biodiversity over concerns that talks about how those efforts should be funded are lagging behind those on how much land and water should be set aside. “We feel that negotiations have not been moving at the same pace,” said a delegate who left the COP15 talks in Montreal at about 1 a.m. Wednesday. “We feel that resource mobilization has been left behind.” The delegate, who asked not to be named, said rich countries have been happy to talk about specific targets for conservation. …The walkout countries include the 54 members of the African group, seven South and Latin American countries as well as other large countries, including India and Indonesia. “When COP15 agrees on an ambitious (global biodiversity framework), we will bear a higher burden than others in implementing it,” the countries said in a statement.

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Pelican Lake First Nation to create Saskatoon’s 9th urban reserve

By Scott Larson
CBC News
December 15, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Chief Peter Bill

Saskatoon and Pelican Lake First Nation signed an agreement to create an urban reserve at a special ceremony in front of a full room of band members at city hall on Wednesday. The urban reserve is located at 1944 St. George Avenue. Pelican Lake bought into the existing business, Adam’s Lumber, at that location. Pelican Lake Chief Peter Bill says the lumber business compliments Pelican Lake’s other forestry interests.  “What you take from the land you’ve got to give back, and reforestation is a big item that we push,” Bill said. “And what we take from, from sakaw askîy (forest and earth), that’s what we’re going to be building our our houses with.” …Pelican Lake has also signed forestry agreements with Tolko and Carrier Forest Products. “The lumber will be supplied direct to Adams Lumber, so it’s a preferred cost,” Bill said.

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Alberta notches up a win in war with mountain pine beetle

BNN Bloomberg – Commodities
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Alberta has seen the mountain pine beetle invade more than 2 million hectares of land used for forestry, but cold weather and prevention measures have radically slowed the spread. University of Alberta insect researcher Nadir Erbilgin shares the good news.

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B.C. Elders tell Trudeau to end new fossil fuel projects, old-growth logging

By Stefan Labbé
Prince George Citizen
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Elders from B.C.’s Pacheedaht and Wet’suwet’en First Nations have signed an open letter calling on Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to stop siding with industry looking to develop new fossil fuel projects and log old-growth forests. The Dec 14 letter, implores Trudeau to “listen to the youth” and defend “life rather than perpetuating extractivism” through six actions. They include: playing a permanent moratorium on old-growth logging; stopping all construction of new fossil fuel projects…; and ending the surveillance and policing of Indigenous land defenders opposing their development. Together with David Suzuki, the group also implores Trudeau to take federal dollars used to police extractive projects and reallocate them to Indigenous communities so they can develop their own climate solutions and prop up alternative livelihoods. …“This could be your moment, Justin. COP-15 could be the defining moment of your legacy as prime minister,” said the letter.

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Playing defense to weather today’s skewed business environment in forestry

By Tony Kryzanowski
The Logging and Sawmill Journal
December 13, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

Clint Carlson

Skill alone is rarely enough for professional athletes to succeed. …The same can be said of elite level loggers, and Clint Carlson, owner of Kaslo, B.C.-based, Sunshine Logging, is a good example of that. But even veterans like Carlson are feeling the pressure these days. …He says that the business environment today is so skewed that it’s hard to make the adjustments needed to facilitate a return to the more balanced business environment that existed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. While adjustments have been made in the cubic metre rate forest companies are offering to loggers, it’s still not enough to address the extra costs that loggers are facing. …Because of supply chain issues, many loggers today have to wait twice as long to replace equipment, and at substantially higher prices. …Carlson logs for Kalesnikoff Lumber based in Castlegar [and] customers who have won timber sales bids, such as Stella-Jones and Celgar Pulp.

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Canada and Yukon chart new path with agreement to help protect and conserve nature

By Environment and Climate Change Canada
Cision Newswire
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

MONTRÉAL – The Governments of Canada and Yukon are committed to working together to protect and conserve biodiversity, habitat, and species at risk in the Yukon. This will contribute to the goal of protecting 25 percent of land and fresh water in Canada by 2025 and 30 percent by 2030. The Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, and Yukon’s Ministry of Environment, announced the Canada–Yukon Nature Agreement—the first agreement of its kind—to advance nature conservation and protection across the territory. The Government of Canada will invest a total of $20.6 million to implement the agreement. This will support Indigenous leadership in conservation; increased protection of sensitive habitats; and recovery actions for species at risk, as well as the protection and conservation of new land in the Yukon. The ministers announced the agreement at COP15 in Montréal. The Governments of Canada and Yukon will collaborate with Indigenous peoples and governments to implement Canada’s first Nature Agreement.

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North Cowichan Facing Huge Forestry Losses

By W.E. (Bill) Dumont
Tree Frog News Editorial
December 15, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada West

As the public ponders the various manipulated options for managing the North Cowichan Forests the silliness and eco-nonsense from the anti-forestry anti-logging crowd has intensified in our local media.  This campaign is well funded and has never disclosed where its money is coming from to stop logging in this municipal jewel. Is this where some of the $2 million Fairy Creek fundraising ended up? Now our politicians have been duped into stopping logging and creating a quagmire of fake concern about sustainable forestry. North Cowichan is the only municipal forest owner in BC that is considering killing its successful forestry business, egged on by people with little understanding of forest ecology and long on environmental shrillness. It hired a bunch of unqualified university professors with little or no real world experience to present faulty options that poorly reflect on the real value of wood and exaggerated the potential economic benefits of carbon credits.

This letter was also carried in the Victoria Times Colonist.

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Forestry company commits 10,000 hectares of Acadian Forest, shoreline to conservation

By J.D. Irving, Limited
GlobeNewswire
December 15, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada East

Steve Guilbeault Jim Irving

MONTREAL — Nearly 10,000 hectares of privately held Acadian forest, coastline and dunes in New Brunswick will be recognized as another effective area-based conservation measure, thanks to the visionary leadership of J.D. Irving, Limited (JDI). The initiative was shared during an event hosted by the Nature Conservancy of Canada where global experts profiled emerging conservation solutions, presenting leadership and investment opportunities to accelerate the nature agenda. This announcement by JDI is a concrete example of a whole-of-society approach to accelerating conservation. The lands held by Saint John-based JDI boast a variety of ecosystems, which provide habitat for animals like pine marten and endangered piping plover. These lands represent some of the province’s most unique and biodiverse areas, including the Irving Nature Park in west Saint John, Bouctouche Dunes, Ayers Lake and the headwaters of the Miramichi and Restigouche rivers.

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Teen joins COP15 in Montreal to give kids a voice in saving biodiversity

CBC Kids News
December 13, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: Canada, Canada East

Ryann Fineberg

Ryann Fineberg remembers her journey to help the planet. When she was eight, she was handed a picture of a trapped coyote, with facts on how they and other animals are hunted for their fur for the fashion industry. “I was shocked. I wanted to learn so much more,” she said. Seven years later, the now 15-year-old’s quest for information has led her to play a role at the world’s biggest conference on biodiversity. Ryann, who is from Toronto, and other kids from around the world are attending the COP15 United Nations Biodiversity conference in Montreal. They are making sure that the voices of young people influence decisions that will affect how life on the planet evolves. …Ryann is attending on behalf of  Care About Climate, which promotes youth advocacy in climate action. …She said her activism has given her a sense of control … replacing eco-anxiety with purpose and joy.

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Researching the Benefits of and Threats to Wilderness

By Thomas Holmes
USDA Forest Service
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States

UNITED STATES — Since the passage of the Wilderness Act in 1964, federal land designated as wilderness has increased from approximately 9 million to 109 million acres. …Wilderness is a culturally constructed concept that evolves over time with changes in socioeconomic, technological, demographic, and political conditions. Societal transformations, including growth of minority and underserved populations along with greater calls for environmental justice, in combination with changes in climatic variables (e.g., temperature and precipitation) and natural disturbances (e.g., wildfires, droughts, and invasive species) are creating new challenges for wilderness management agencies. This report provides up-to-date knowledge on societal benefits and ecosystem service values provided by wilderness and associated wildlands while also suggesting research directions that can help policymakers better understand social values and tradeoffs inherent in the allocation of resources to support wilderness preservation and management.

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Loggers urge Forest Service to award more timber sale contracts

By Peter Aleshire
Payson Roundup
December 13, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

ARIZONA — Playing God is tough. Especially when you’ve got bills to pay. Now throw in the Forest Service bureaucracy — and you’ve got some major puzzles to ponder. So loggers, elected officials, emergency planners and power plant operators all faced a mixture of frustration and hope at the Dec. 6 meeting of the Natural Resources Working Group. They’re literally on the cutting edge of the massive effort to thin millions of acres of unhealthy forest before the next crown fire strikes — all without going broke, breaking the law — or wiping out any endangered species. So here’s the good news. …The Four Forest Restoration Initiative has adopted an ambitious plan to clear nearly 50,000 acres of dense forest stands annually — after years of struggling to clear 5,000 or 10,000 in a year. The new pace relies on millions from the Forest Service to ensure the tiny trees and mounds of biomass get removed along with the commercial timber.

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Oregon’s Elliott research forest will be North America’s largest

By David Steves
Oregon Public Broadcasting
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

Oregon is on its way to creating North America’s largest research forest, following Tuesday’s decision by top state officials to separate the Elliott State Forest in southwest Oregon from its obligation to fund schools and designate the land as a place for scientific discovery. The State Land Board voted unanimously Tuesday to create the 80,000-acre Elliott State Research Forest, signaling an end to a years-long debate over how to manage a state forest in southwest Oregon that was failing to generate revenue for public education. The board advanced the transition of the Elliott from a traditional state forest to a research site by decoupling the forest from the Common School Fund, which relies on revenue from the sale of timber on state forests, among other resources, to help pay for public education in Oregon. The Elliott forest will remain in public ownership in collaboration with Oregon State University.

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Whitebark Pine Listed as Threatened under the Endangered Species Act

By Julee Shamhart
Whitebark Pine Ecosystem Foundation
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US West

MISSOULA, Montana — In a highly anticipated decision, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) issued a final rule to list whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). This landmark listing establishes protections and conservation measures for whitebark pine across its U.S. range. Whitebark pine is the most widely distributed tree species to be listed under the ESA. Whitebark pine inhabits over 80 million acres in western North America with approximately 70% of its distribution in the U.S. It ranges from 36 to 56 degrees latitude throughout the higher mountain ranges of the Pacific states and British Columbia, Canada, and throughout the Rocky Mountains from the Greater Yellowstone region north through the Canadian Rockies. Whitebark pine is listed as endangered in Canada under the Species at Risk Act and on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, underscoring the urgent need to secure protections range wide.

Additional coverage by the Associated Press, Matthew Brown: Whitebark pine that feeds grizzlies is threatened, US says

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Timber Demand Could Help Save Forests

By Laura Oleniacz
North Carolina State University News
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: United States, US East

A recent study found that increasing global demand for timber products, as well as paying landowners to store carbon in their trees, could help to dramatically increase the amount of forestland around the world. Published in the journal Global Environmental Change, the study also suggests that forests would remain a carbon sink across many of the economic and climate change policy scenarios they projected between 2015 and 2105. However, researchers say there are outstanding questions about how major climate change events like severe drought or wildfire may impact forest health. “Growth in demand for timber products from the energy sector, in combination with a carbon price incentive, create unique complementary effects where you’re using biomass for energy, investing in more forests, and increasing the forest carbon sink globally,” said study co-author Justin Baker, associate professor of forestry and environmental resources at NC State and director of the Southern Forest Resource Assessment Consortium.

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Tropical forests ravaged by logging can still have thriving ecosystems

By Luke Taylor
NewScientist
December 14, 2022
Category: Forestry
Region: International

Tropical forests degraded by logging may be far richer in animal and plant life than we thought. Only around 30 per cent of the world’s tropical forests remain pristine. Most have been used for selective logging and are labelled “degraded”, though ecologists have been unsure precisely how timber extraction changes their ecosystems. Yadvinder Malhi at the University of Oxford used tens of thousands of camera traps to estimate the population density of bird and mammal species in the highly biodiverse states of Sarawak and Sabah in Malaysia. …They found that birds and mammals in logged forests consume 2.5 times the energy they consume in pristine forests. The total weight of the birds and mammals living in logged forests was 144 per cent and 231 per cent higher, respectively. “We really weren’t expecting anywhere near this increase,” says Malhi. “This shows that these degraded forests that are often considered lost and get little attention are actually incredibly ecologically valuable.”

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